The hydrant and sprinkler system is only as good as the pump behind it. In a fire, the pump must start by itself and push enough water at the right pressure to every floor. That is why the fire pump room is one of the most important parts of a building.
Short answer: most buildings have three pumps: an electric main pump, a diesel backup pump that runs if the power fails, and a small jockey pump that keeps the pipes under pressure.
The three pumps
Electric main pump
This is the main fire pump. It starts automatically when the pressure in the pipes drops, for example when a sprinkler opens or someone opens a hydrant.
Diesel backup pump
Power often fails during a fire. The diesel pump has its own engine and batteries, so it can run without electricity.
Jockey pump
A small pump that keeps the system pressure up. Small leaks slowly lower the pressure. The jockey pump tops it up, so the big pumps do not start for no reason.
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Types of fire pump
- End suction pump: compact and lower cost. Common in small and medium buildings.
- Horizontal split case pump: for large flows. The pump can be opened for service without removing the pipes. Common in factories and large buildings.
- Vertical turbine pump: used when the water is below the pump, for example in an underground tank, a well or a river.
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Controllers
Each pump has its own control panel. It watches the pressure through a pressure transducer and starts the pump automatically. The controller also shows alarms, like pump running, power failure or low fuel on the diesel pump. We also stock spare parts like motherboards and I/O boards.
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What a pump room needs
- A water tank big enough for the building, with an anti-vortex plate at the suction.
- OS&Y gate valves, non-return valves and a pressure relief valve.
- A flow meter to test the pump’s output.
- Pressure gauges on the suction and discharge.
- Ventilation and an exhaust pipe for the diesel engine.
How big a pump do you need?
The pump is chosen by the flow (how much water) and the pressure (how high and far it must go). This depends on the building height, the hydrant and sprinkler design, and the hazard. Engineers size it under standards like NFPA 20. A pump that is too small will not reach the top floor in a fire.
Testing
Run the pumps on a regular test, usually every week or month depending on the pump type, and do a full flow test once a year. The NFPA 25 standard sets out the test schedule. Keep a written record.
Common questions
Why do I need a diesel fire pump if I have a generator?
The diesel pump does not depend on the building’s power or the generator. It is a separate, reliable backup for the most important moment.
What does a jockey pump do?
It keeps the pipes under pressure and makes up for small leaks, so the main pump only starts in a real fire.
Can I buy a complete pump set?
Yes. We quote the main pump, jockey pump and controllers together, sized to your hydraulic design.
Planning a fire pump room? Call our hotline +8801670 468794 or send us a message on WhatsApp.
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